Community Health Advocacy Project Part Four Essay

Community Health Advocacy Project Part Four - Essay Example There are also protective strategies that promote risk factors and health cases (Glanz, Rimer & Lewis, 2002). The implemented strategies at this point encompass good nutrition standards and health education programs. In that aspect, the primary level of prevention is also concerned with persons who are at the point of stage susceptibility to a disease. Another one is the second level of prevention that is also called the secondary level. It lays emphasis on the early identification and prompt treatment of a disease to prevent its spread. Therefore, these measures are essential to deter serious effects that have a likelihood of occurrence in case the disease is not treated on time (Bartholomew, 2011). Alternatively, the secondary level also tackles the prevention of patients that is targeted at those facing the early stages and pre-symptomatic signs of the disease. In that case, one of the tactics for secondary prevention involves screening of the disease that affects both individuals and groups. The final level of prevention is called tertiary prevention. This always happens after the disease has just happened. It is targeted at terminating the influence of the disease and also reduces the damage to the affected individual. Tertiary prevention also deals with rehabilitative measures that assist in the improvement of body functioning that supersedes a disease. Therefore, in the case of aggregate assessment of HIV/AIDS in Belle Glade community, there are interesting issues to note. For example, the primary level of prevention also encompasses safe sex education for the population. The population should also be sensitized to engage in safe sex by always using condoms as a deterrent measure against HIV/AIDS infection (Department of Health and Human Services, 2010). Additionally, there should also be health education that informs the masses about the modes of HIV/AIDS transmission and

My Internship Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

My Internship Report - Essay Example Both of these activities contributed significantly to my knowledge. In the second week, I started paper trading of JGB futures under Mr.Daimon, I learned how to speculate on the market movement. In the third and fourth weeks under Mr.Matsumura, I was working on a project which involved downloading time-series data from the database called CQG and analyzing the tendency of the market movement using Excel. I detected a conspicuous tendency in the market movement and was able to create some trade ideas in the end. These assignments have given me more confidence in dealing with tasks in such areas. After these four weeks, I moved to the FX floor which is the bank division of Nomura, and the manager there was Mr.Tonkin. I started my rotation within the FX floor from spot trading under Ms.Ito and Mr.Omae. I learned the basics of FX spot trading for three days, and then moved to FX forwards trading under Mr.Tonkin and Mr.Nakayama. Mr.Tonkin had given me an assignment to fix Swap Pricer spreadsheet and add more functions to it, so I was working on Excel most of the time. But I was also watching and assisting Mr.Nakayama's forward trading, and learning how the deals are made. The information I picked up in these weeks has added significantly to my skill sets. During my stay on this team, the market showed a lot of movement, and it was an invaluable experience to be able to stay on the trading floor in this kind of atypical situation. After FX forwards trading, I moved to the sales division. Under Mr.Furumi, I was working on data collection and analysis of investment trust funds, and in the very last week of this internship, I created an Option Pricing spreadsheet under Mr.Osawa. The Induction Training on the very first day was extremely important to me as well because I was able to learn how the company is organized and came to know about company rules and regulations. Some of the information was pure common-sense but some of it I did not know before. I think since our business is involved with conserving, monitoring and increasing money, we really need to have this kind of training to completely learn the rules of business and the characteristics of this industry.

Effect of Candle Color in Burn Time

Effect of Candle Color in Burn Time Problem Statement What is the process of a candle burning? Does adding dye affect a candles burning rate Do colored candles burn quicker because the added dyes? Colored candles are popular in homes, their pleasant scents, relaxing traits and decorative qualities are only a few reasons why people love them. I myself a candle lover have noticed that different candles burn at different speeds. Which lead me to question, if the dyes used to color the candles affects its burning speed? Specific Question: Does adding dye to color a candle affect its burning rate? Background Research: To fully comprehend if using dye to color a candle affects its burning rate, it is essential to examine and comprehend the candle itself along with its burning process. A candle is a piece of tallow or wax with an embedded wick. A candle is made by paraffin wax which comes from crude oil. When exposed to a temperature of 380 degrees or higher paraffin automatically combusts. The wick is composed of porous coil. The candle burning process The melting process of a candle is simple; first the wick is lit, which starts the flames journey down the wick were will ultimately reach the wax. Consequently, the warmth of the heat melts the molded wax into a liquid. Subsequently the wick absorbs the newly melted liquid and uses it to fuel the flame. Therefore it is the liquid wax of the candle that fuels the flame, allowing it to continue burning. Experimental design The experiment will consist of burning a variety of five colored birthday candles and recording the speed at which each candle burns. Plan: The experimental will be performed on my dining room table. Each candle will be individually placed in a candle holder, next both the candle and the candle holder will be placed in a tea cup, and then the candle will be lit and timed. 1) First, gather all the needed supplies, A variety of five colored birthday candles Candle lighter Stop watch Candle holder Tea cup Scissors Marker Metric Ruler Data sheet 2. Each candle will be measured and marked one inch from its bottom. 3. The white candle will be lit and timed first. 4. The white candles burning time will then be recorded. 5. The prior steps will be repeated for each of the remaining candles individually. 6. Following the completion of the candle burning process, the recorded results will be compared and a graph representing the results will be created Variables: Independent The color of the candle will represent the experiments independent variable. Dependent The rate at which each candle burns will be the experiments dependent variable. Controls The following will be the controlled variables of the experiment. The measured distance of the mark in the candles. The brand of the candles will be the same. The burning of the candles will be performed in the same time and place. The temperature of the room will remain the same while each candle burns. Threat reduction to internal validity The following steps were taken in order To minimize error during the experiment, the candles will all be the same brand the candles will be measured and marked to ensure all candles are the same size Each candle will be placed in a candle holder and then in a tea cup in order to eliminate unexpected elements Hypothesis The speed at which a candle burns is not affected by the dyes used to give the candle its color. To develop this hypothesis, the research was carefully considered, The National Candle Association explains that dyes used in candle coloring are dissolved and mixed with the waxs oil. Since the added dyes do not clog the fibers of the wick, the candles burning ability is minimally affected. As a result candles colored with dye should burn at the same rate. These researched facts lead to the conclusion that added dyes do not affect a candles burning rate. Explain the process of data collection The candle burning process research was collected through Measurements Time will be calculated with a timer Candles will be measured with a metric ruler. Pre experiment predictions Experiment Results Yellow Candle: 8 minutes 24 seconds Blue Candle: 8 minutes 54 seconds White Candle: 9 minutes 4 seconds Pink Candle: 9 minutes 20 seconds Green Candle: 9 minutes 22 seconds Written Results The results of the experiment resulted in the yellow candle reached its mark the fastest, and the green candle was the slowest burning candle. The candles burned in the following order beginning with the fastest: yellow, blue, white, pink and last green. The graph shows the rate of the candles burning with 8 minutes being the fast and 9 minutes being the slowest. The graph also indicates that the dye doesnt affect the speed at which a candle burns. The white which is the lightest color was the third fastest candle to reach the mark, not the first as previously stated. Blue the darkest candle finished second fastest. Conclusion The hypothesis stated The speed at which a candle burns is not affected by the dyes used to give the candle its color. The results of the experiment supported the hypothesis and proved that the dyes used to color candles have little or no affect on the candle burning rate. Discussion The results of the experiment conclude that candles do not burn at the same rate also they do not burn according to the lightest to darkest colored. The results of the experiment confirm that the dependent and independent variables have no relationship. The data from the experiment answered the research question: Does the added color in a candle affect the candles burning rate? The experiment concluded that adding color to a candle does not affect its burning rate. Abstract: Summary of the experiment The stated problem: Does adding color to a candle affect its burning rate? A variety of five colored candles, all of the candles were the same size, brand and tested under the same conditions. The colored candles used to conduct the experiment were yellow, blue, pink, white and green. The candles were all measured one inch from the bottom to ensure the burning time be identical. Next the candles were lit and the timer was started. The times were then recorded. Following the experiment the data was then compare and the results confirmed that the added dyes in candles do not affect its burning time. http://www.blurtit.com/q465603.html http://www.candles.org/elements_wax.html

Freddy Adu the Youngest Professional Soccer Player :: essays research papers

Who is the youngest athlete in professional soccer? Mr. Freddy Adu. At the age of fourteen, he is the youngest player to play in a professional soccer league. There are a number of benefits by being the youngest player to play professional soccer: a contract with Nike, playing for the DC United team and receiving much media exposure. Many people disagree with his decision and say that he is too young to play professional soccer and should finish his high school education and wait until his body and mind has physically and emotionally matured. Think about being able to make one million dollars at the age of fourteen. Freddy Adu has already achieved that. Freddy signed to do a one million dollar endorsement deal with Nike. In the article I read, Freddy compares himself to another young rookie, Lebron James. â€Å"We are in the same situation except I am not making ninety million dollars† said Freddy (60 minutes). Also, during the same interview, he said, â€Å"to keep his contract and reviews up he will need to play with intensity to help his team win, and make himself a better player.† Freddy was offered the opportunity to play professional soccer and play for the United State’s U-20 men’s National team. Freddy signed with DC United to take the place of an injured player. In addition to that contract, on November 19,2003 he was named to the United States National team. His two goals while he plays for the national team are: to finish high school in the spring and get the opportunity to play in the FIFA World Cup in 2006. Freddy is planning on graduating in early May (2006) which will allow him to play in the ’06 World Cup competition. Weighing, one hundred and forty pounds, standing, five feet, eight inches tall, is the physical appearance of Freddy Adu. Do people believe this is what the makeup of a professional soccer player should look like? The vote at this time stands divided. Right now it is good enough for Freddy Adu to play for the USA National team and DC United.

Stalin and Clay Perspectives

Do you think communism was contained well after WWW? I believe that communism was not contained very well after WWW because communism managed to spread to Korea, Vietnam, China and Cuba. Communism parties took control in these countries. This spread of Communism was exactly what we didn't want because If Communism spread too much then we would lose control of It and then It would spread to most of the Middle East. Losing control of communism would be a disaster, If Communism spread to most of the Middle East hen who knows where else it will go.Luckily Communism didn't spread to as much of the Middle East as I had feared it would. What is your perspective on the Blockade? I personally believe that the Berlin blockade move made by Stalin was an act of war because by blockading off the vital railways and roads to West Berlin, the USSR were starving a whole civilization. This action was also demonstrating that Stalin was trying to force us to give him our (U. S. Britain, Italy) parts of Berlin to him and this was a very aggressive move, trying to bend us to his will. Why do you hold this perspective?I hold this view because starving a whole civilization and forcing other nations to give him land cannot be anything less than an act of war! Stalin knows this is an act of war but he's so focused on controlling all of Berlin that he will do what it takes to try bend us over to his demands. We were not going to give in though; I knew that I had to think of a way to deliver supplies to West Berlin. Believe that this move by Stalin was also due to his hatred of the German people. Although what Russia and Stalin suffered during WWW was terrible, he should not be punishing innocent civilians like his in a time so soon after war.What actions did you take as a result of your perspective? We knew we couldn't let the West Berliners starve, but we also couldn't give in to Stalin. I originally was going to move Tanks up to the blockade to Intimidate Stalin and make him move the b lockade but others thought this might cause war. We decided to airlift supplies to West Berlin, although this was very expensive it was a perfect idea, we used the Berlin airways to send planes over to deliver food and other needed supplies. This would mean that we could supply to Berlin while not taking an aggressive move towards Stalin.What is your perspective on the airlift? The Berlin Airlift was a great success! We managed to supply tons and tons of food to Berlin, we had airplanes landing in West Berlin and taking off every three minutes. We were sending five thousand tons of food every day! This was far more than when we were supplying via railway. Even though I originally wanted to take a more down the planes due to this being considered a war act. He did fly planes extremely close to our planes though. Just under a hundred pilots died because of this aggressive act by Stalin.Why do you hold this perspective? The airlift is what saved the Berliners and also what saved our pa rts of Berlin. If we didn't airlift then either West Berlin would starve or we would have to give away our parts of Berlin. The airlift was the perfect counterpart to Stalin's blockade. He thought he had us in a corner but the airlift proved him wrong. We could supply huge amounts to Berlin quickly and effectively. I believe that Stalin shot himself in the foot by putting up the blockade. We managed to get huge amounts of food to the Berlin people, and we kept our parts of Berlin.This is the opposite of what Stalin wanted. I truly believe that the airlift was one of the best decisions made during the Cold War due to it being non-aggressive and how successful it was for supplying to West Berlin. What are your views on WWW ally USSR now becoming a foe? I think it is a great loss to lose USSR as an ally. They were a very strong fighting force and practically won the war as hard as it is to admit. They did sacrifice a lot to defeat Germany, USSR had 8,806,000 casualties during WWW and t hat far exceeds everyone else's. Russia became too greedy after the war though.They wanted to keep Germany weak and wanted to take too much of Germany. I do hope that someday we could become allies again with USSR. Why were you going to take an aggressive approach to the Blockade by moving tanks up? I believe that the Berlin blockade by Stalin was an act of war, and this deserved to be replied to with an aggressive act. I believed that by bringing tanks to the blockade, we could intimidate Stalin and make him take down the Blockade. I believe this would have been a good option, the airlift urine out to be a better option though.By moving tanks up to the blockade this could have started a war so I am glad that we chose to airlift supplies instead of a more aggressive approach. During the Blockade what did you think the relationship between USA and USSR would be like in the future? I believed that the relationship between us and the USSR wouldn't be the same for a long time. I knew th at for at fifty years there would be tension between us due to what is happening right now. There already was tension during WWW before the blockade but now because of the blockade the tension will be rater than ever.I knew that someday, If we became allies, the tension would easy, but that day wouldn't be for a long, long time. Interview with USSR leader Joseph Stalin: What is your perspective on the Blockade? The blockade was absolutely necessary! The Allies were taking most of Berlin when it was USSR who sacrificed the most during WWW. To make matters worse, the allies merged their parts of Berlin together as to say that they are friends and we are enemies! We didn't sign any agreement saying that the allies could have access to our railways through to our part of Berlin anyway.We also needed to keep Germany weak and not let them get back to power by supplying so much to them. Why do you hold this perspective? I believe that the blockade was necessary because it us who had 806,00 0,000 a formal agreement letting allies have access to West Berlin. I put up the blockade because we deserve more of Berlin! If I did nothing and Just let the Allies have most of Berlin then we could never demand anything again. Another reason the blockade was put up was because we have to keep Germany weak! If we keep giving them applies and feeding them, giving them an economy and more luxuries then they will get back to power again.We must keep Germany weak because I will never forget how they treated us, and how many they killed. What is your perspective on the Airlift? The airlift was most definitely propaganda. The allies are saying that they are airlifting simply to supply to West Berlin and not give in to my demands but I know that the airlift is purely for propaganda purposes. All the sweets and luxuries they are supplying to West Berlin are sending a message. The allies are saying that their art of Berlin is better, living is better, you will get these luxuries, they are s aying for everyone come on to their part of Berlin.Why do you hold this perspective? I hold this perspective because the Allies can fool everyone else with their thoughtful, caring airlift, but I know this is Just their plan to advertise their part of Berlin. This airlift though, the allies were managing to supply more than before because of this propaganda, I tried flying planes close to their planes but I knew that it was only a matter of time before something happened such as someone shooting a plane down ND then that would mean I declared an act of war, even though the airlift was an act of war, I couldn't display this or a war would start.What actions did you take as a result of your perspective? The blockade had the potential to start another war, because of this I knew had to take the blockade down, although this pained me to do so, I knew I had to do it because the blockade was only benefiting the allies and sooner or later, an act of war would have occurred. None of us want ed a war so soon after WWW had ended. The results of another war would have been devastating for everyone. Also because of he new nuclear technology I believe that another war would completely demolish the world as we know it.What did you aim to achieve by blockading West Berlin? I was aiming for the allies to give in to my demands and give me their part of Berlin, if they gave me their part of Berlin, then I'd lift the blockade. One other thing I was trying to achieve was keeping Germany weak; I didn't want their capitol to become so strong suddenly after WWW. If we kept giving them supplies then they would become strong again Just like after WWW, and they would start another war. What are your thoughts on the Berlin Wall? The Berlin wall was a very smart move by Nikkei Khrushchev.Although it wasn't me who put up the Wall, I would have done the same thing if I was still leader. The Berlin Wall was an effective solution for separating the Berliners. It was a lot better than when the re was Just barbed wire and guards guarding the border. The rate of West Berliners escaping to other parts of Berlin dropped drastically when the Wall was built in 1961. I am extremely glad that this decision to create the Wall was made; it separated the Berliners very well and meant they could not leave West Berlin and we

Bus Appendix

If I was to open a business I would open a banquet hall. Where I live they are really famous and threes a lot of them. I would love to do this business because everybody has parties all the time and It would benefit myself and family members from It. Entrepreneurs As the entrepreneur I would have to come up with enough money to locate a place to buy I wouldn't want to rent because it would be more profit having my own space, Plus I have to buy tables and chairs as well.I would have to contract people that know how to cook and find places I can buy the food at a cheaper price. I would also have to find a place I can rent or buy my own linen for the tables and chair covers. Music is a must also or the own customer can provide that. Managers I would hire a manager that can help me stay in the banquet hall while I gather all of the above things. She would be booking parties and explaining prices and what Is Included In the package Employees The employees can help me set up tables as well as the linens and at the party they will also serve as waiters.The cooks will have all the food ready for the event, and I burglary. What behaviors and attitudes should be cultivated in your organization? I know that behaviors and attitudes will appear in the workplace especially when the event is happening. Hopefully my cooks will finish the food for like 250 people so I know they will be stressed out. My waiters will have to serve fast enough in order for everyone to eat so I know they will be frustrated that customers will be asking for this or that. I know that I will be nervous and stress out that everything comes out right.

The Carol Ann Duffy Essay Example

The Carol Ann Duffy Essay Example The Carol Ann Duffy Paper The Carol Ann Duffy Paper Essay Topic: Carol ann Duffy Poems Carol Ann Duffy is a poet who characterizes her written poetry through carefully channelled dramatic monologues. Through her work, many themes and issues are explored, including that of loss, love, adolescence, change and being misplaced. Her propositions in this poetry are not to create a mystique or confusion, but to communicate through the usage of various personas and portray the thoughts and feelings typical to that character. In this essay, I will look at two specific poems: The Dolphins and Comprehensive. They both include elements of misplacement, which is arguably the key theme to both. I will analyze this theme in particular, exploring how Duffy creates the semblance of the character and the techniques that are employed in her poems. In The Dolphins, we are introduced to an enclosed persona of which freedom has been curtailed. The poem is spoken from the point of view of a dolphin, which has been incarcerated in an aquatic centre accompanied by others of its species. The second line claims We are in our element but we are not free, meaning the conditions in which they reside (obviously being water) are familiar, however, their habitat (the aquarium) does not allow the unrestraint found in an ocean, where they rightfully belong. There is a man and there are hoops confirms to the reader that the dolphins are being circus trained in order to satisfy audiences, further supported in the third verse with the line There is a coloured ball we have to balance till the man has disappeared. In reality, this tells us that dolphins have emotions too, that they would rather be placed back in the sea than spend the rest of their lives performing in front of people, and the man, who the dolphins monologue seems to attract an aspect of resentment toward. However, it may have taken the dolphins some time to initially identify their limited surroundings an idea revealed in the second verse: After travelling such space for days we began to translate is a sad twist of dramatic irony; people could see the marine mammals had been enclosed, yet it took themselves a while to realize that this was not an ocean, and that the space no longer stretched beyond horizons. To continue the irony, the last sentence of the first verse states that There is a constant flowing guilt, as the people working alongside the dolphins of the aquarium may feel conscious at withdrawing the freedom of such a creature, and flowing is used as a metaphor linking to the water in which they swim. This technique draws a defeated sympathy from the reader, as there is little they can do to set these dolphins free. The Dolphins ends with a devastating statement on behalf of the imprisoned There is a man and our mind knows we will die here. These dolphins will never have the God given privilege to roam the outside world again, and are resigned to becoming the focal point of public enjoyment. The poem, to a marginal degree, could also raise the argument of animal rights, depending on the interpretation of the person. The thought of staying in one place for such a long time for anyone would be highly constraining at the very least, and so to take a living being out of water for cheap entertainment provokes the question of whether such activity should even be legal. The poem explores the theme of misplacement through resigned emotion. The flexibility of freedom is valuable to the quality of life, and the dolphins persona seems to understand this very clearly. The beginning of the third verse mourns And now we are no longer blessed, for the world will not deepen to dream in, and conveys its regret that they will no longer do as they please, that they are no longer blessed. The pool in which they stay will not expand its depths for the dolphins to cover new ground, and the line also metaphorically suggests that their dreams of independence are over in these shallow depths. The poem also displays the loss of hope through means of repetition. There is is a common phrase which appears in the poem on several occasions (There is a constant flowing guilt, coloured ball, no hope, amongst others) and this augments the effectiveness of the dolphins monologue, as a picture of their lives become clearer; as does the sorrowful tone.

Slave Reparations essays

Slave Reparations essays Forty acres and a mule was what the U.S. government promised former black slaves during the Reconstruction Period, following the Civil War. That promise never came true and now, over a century later, the topic of reparations is still being heavily debated. Both sides of this story have such a great number of relevant and significant arguments that the issue of slave reparations could run in circles for years on end. Slavery was, and continues to be in some countries, a travesty of one man displaying power over another. The torment and injuries endured by a single inferior race at the hands of a more dominant one are frightening. But should a completely new generation, one that had nothing to do with slavery, be held accountable for the actions of a generation over a hundred years ago? What good would an Im sorry and some money do in bringing an end to the tidal wave of racism that has washed across the Unites States since the countrys inception. Any talk of slave reparations s hould be dropped immediately because the process of trying to find out who will be paid and who will be the ones paying has too many questions and not enough concrete answers, payment of reparations will only open more wounds between blacks and whites instead of healing the ones that are already present, and reparations would further solidify the perception of blacks as second-class. The topic of slave reparations cannot be discussed without talk of who is going to make the payments. The idea behind slave reparations is to have an entire race of people pay reparations to another entire race of people. The problem with the previous statement is that the reason for reparation does not cover each and every person on both sides of the issue. There are many reasons to include or not include a person based on what that persons ancestors did or believed. For example, there are blacks th ...

What Is a High School Equivalency Diploma How to Get Yours

What Is a High School Equivalency Diploma How to Get Yours SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you dropped out of high school or are considering dropping out, there are other ways to earn credentials that are considered equal to a high school diploma. A High School Equivalency Diploma (HSED) is one option that you might consider as an alternative to a GED or traditional high school diploma. I'll give you the details on what a High School Equivalency Diploma is, how you can get one, and how to decide if it's the right choice for your situation. What Is a High School Equivalency Diploma? An HSED is considered equivalent to a regular high school diploma, but you can earn it at a later date after dropping out of high school. Most professional jobs require at least a high school diploma, so it will almost certainly benefit your career if you go through an HSED program. Employers, colleges, and certain branches of the military may prefer the HSED over the GED because the HSED's requirements are more extensive. This relates to one potential downside of the HSED: you will most likely have to take more classes or tests (as compared to the GED) to get it. If you’ve earned Social Studies and Health credits in the past; however, it may be very simple to get these requirements out of the way. Why Would You Want to Get Your High School Equivalency Diploma? The HSED is a good option for students who haven't had the chance to earn a traditional high school diploma. It's accepted by most employers and colleges as a substitute for a high school diploma, so it will give you more opportunities in your career and education. The difference between an HSED and a GED is not hugely significant, but there are cases where the HSED is preferred. Though both credentials are technically the same, a GED only indicates that you've passed a test, whereas an HSED indicates that you've passed a test and completed some other coursework. The HSED is also technically equivalent to a regular high school diploma, but in practice, most employers and colleges prefer the traditional diploma. If you still have the opportunity to go back and complete your course of study in high school (in most states you can do this if you're under 20), I would recommend that you do so instead of earning an HSED or GED. A regular high school diploma is more highly respected because it indicates that you were able to persevere through long-term assignments as opposed to just being able to pass a test and complete a few additional requirements. Still, if going back to high school isn't an option for you, an HSED is the next best thing. Thanks, creepy 1950s-style children! What Are the Requirements for a High School Equivalency Diploma? In certain states, you will need to take the HiSET or High School Equivalency Test to show that you have mastered the skills necessary to earn your diploma. The test is comprised of five smaller subtests that range from 65 minutes to 2 hours in length: Language Arts-Reading (40 multiple-choice questions) Language Arts-Writing (50 multiple-choice questions and an essay) Mathematics (50 multiple-choice questions) Science (50 multiple-choice questions) Social Studies (50 multiple-choice questions) The HiSET is offered in English and Spanish, and accommodations are available for test-takers with disabilities upon request. States offering the HiSET include California, Iowa, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maine, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Tennessee, and Wyoming. In states where the HiSET is not offered, you will need to take the General Educational Development (GED) test as one of the requirements for earning your HSED. This test has four subjects: Reasoning Through Language Arts, Mathematical Reasoning, Science, and Social Studies. There is one essay question in the Reading Through Language Arts section and one in the Social Studies section, along with two short answer questions in the Science section. The rest of the questions are multiple choice. The content of the test was recently updated in 2014 to incorporate more textual analysis and specific mathematical and writing skills. You can read more about the changes here. Both the HiSET and the GED tests are taken on the computer rather than as pencil and paper exams. An HSED is different from a GED certificate because it has a couple of extra requirements. To earn an HSED, you will need to fulfill requirements in the subjects of health, civic literacy, and employability skills in addition to taking a core subject exam like the HiSET or GED test. The requirements for health and civics can be satisfied by passing two untimed exams, by showing that you’ve earned 0.5 Health credits and 3 Social Studies credits in the past, or by passing a 30-hour course in each subject. If you can provide proof of credits in the form of a high school transcript, you won’t need to take the extra tests or classes. For the employability skills requirement, you will have to create a resume and participate in a course that will help you come up with a career plan. Different states have varying eligibility requirements for students hoping to earn a High School Equivalency Diploma. You must be at least 16 to take either the GED or the HiSET; in some states, the minimum age is 17. You also can’t be currently enrolled in high school and must meet your state’s requirements for the amount of time you’ve been out of school. In California, for example, if you’re only 17 and you want to take the HiSET, you must have been out of high school for at least 60 consecutive days and provide a letter of request from the military, a postsecondary institution, or a potential employer. Consult this page for state-by-state HiSET eligibility requirements and this page for links to state GED test eligibility requirements. If you learned about these dudes at some point in high school, you might be able to get out of the Social Studies requirement. Should You Try to Get Your HSED? There are a couple of things you should consider before deciding to get your HSED: Can You Still Go Back to High School? First of all, are you young enough that going back to high school is an option? Different states have different policies, but typically if you're under the age of 20, you can still re-enroll in high school. Overall, it's better to get a regular high school diploma than an HSED or a GED. If it's at all possible for you to return to high school, you should seriously consider doing so. What Are Your Career and Educational Goals? The purpose of earning an HSED is to increase your potential in the job world and possibly attend college. In almost any career field, it's vital or at least beneficial to have a high school diploma. If you hope to go to college, it's essential. Still, before you earn an HSED, you should start investigating what you want to do or where you want to go to college. You may need to consider other requirements, and you might decide to wait a bit before starting an HSED program, depending on your current financial situation and the steps you need to take to fulfill your goals. If you have career goals that don't require a high school diploma for entry-level positions, you could decide to get some work experience under your belt first and earn an HSED at a later date. In some cases, you might want to break ground in the job world before going after your HSED. How Can You Find an HSED Program? Will It Cost Money? HSED tests and courses can be found at many community colleges and adult education centers all over the country. For the HiSET, you can schedule a testing date through your online account or by calling ETS customer service at 1-855-MyHiSET (1-855-694-4738). Use this link to search for HiSET test centers near you. If your state is not on the list of states that offer the HiSET, you will be taking the GED test to fulfill HSED requirements instead. You can call 1-800-62-MYGED (800-626-9433) for a referral to prep programs and testing sites near you, along with a practice test and an informational brochure. Courses are free, although you will have to pay a fee to take the exams. The total cost is $145 for the GED test if you don’t have to retake any subtests. Retakes are $10 for each of the core subject tests and $5 for the health and civics tests. The HiSET is typically slightly less expensive, but fees vary by state. Again, check the page on eligibility requirements for more information about how much the HiSET costs in each state. Get in touch with your state’s contact person for the GED or with ETS Customer Service for the HiSET if you have any additional questions about the tests and courses that make up the program and where you can take them. The HiSET and the GED tests cost some money, but these stacks of ones would probably cover both of them. What's Next? Is the GED a better fit for your needs? Learn how to get your GED online here. We also have a collection of the best GED practice tests for you to use in your studying. You don't necessarily have to earn a stellar GPA in high school to get into college. Take a look at our list of the best colleges with low GPA requirements. If you're hoping to attend college but are unsure how to begin the search process, check out this step by step guide for doing college research. Students who earn an HSED or GED may choose to attend community college for a year or two and then transfer to a four-year college. Read our complete guide to transferring colleges to learn more about this process. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Financial Statements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Financial Statements - Essay Example Companies are required file their 10-K annual financial report to the Securities and Exchange Commission. The 10-K is filed within 60 days from the end of the company’s accounting period. The 10-K is the SEC’s standard blank form used by companies for submitting their financial reports. Interested parties can acquire the 10-K Securities and Exchange Commission reports for use in enhancing their investment or divestment decisions (Wild, Shaw, Chiappetta, 2011). Part II: The accounting equation is shown as: Assets = Liabilities + Capital. The assets represent all the resources of the company (Wild, Shaw, Chiappetta, 2011). Example: Assets = Liabilities + Capital $ 250,000 = $ 20,000 + $ 200,000 Assets = $50,000, Accts Receivable $ 50,000. Building $200,000. Liabilities = Accounts payable $ 5,000, Notes payable $ 15,000 Capital = Bush, Capital $ 230,000, Bush, drawing $ 30,000 The company owns the resources. Cash is one of the company’s assets (Wild, Shaw, Chiappett a, 2011). Cash includes the coins and paper money. Cash also includes the checks that are paid by the company’s customers. The assets include accounts receivable. Accounts receivable asset represents the amounts owed by the creditors. Sometimes companies sell their product on account. This means the company delivers their products to the customers. In turn, the customers promise to pay their debts after several days or months. The debt amount is recorded as accounts receivable in the company’s books of accounts. The inventory represents items that are being sold in the company’s stores. The inventory also includes unused office supplies, unused cleaning supplies, and other unused items that are owned by the company. The building...The debt amount is recorded as accounts receivable in the company’s books of accounts. The inventory represents items that are being sold in the company’s stores. The inventory also includes unused office supplies, unused cleaning supplies, and other unused items that are owned by the company. The building account is another company asset. Since the company owns the building, the building is included in the assets account. The office equipment is part of the company’s asset account. The office equipment includes the computers, typewriters, calculators, and adding machines. The company has some liabilities to pay (Wild, Shaw, Chiappetta, 2011). The liabilities represent what the company owes its creditors. Similarly, the suppliers may offer the company credit terms when the company buys goods from its suppliers. In exchange for purchased items, the company promises to pay its debts in a few days or months. When this occurs, the company records an accounts payable amount. Further, when company is required to sign a note promising that they will pay the debt within a few days or months, the company records a notes payable amount in its books of accounts. When the company applies or a ten year ba nk loan, the company records a long term loan amount.

Managing Organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Managing Organisation - Essay Example Similarly, a manager plays an effective role to understand the each aspects of the environmental factor in order to take an organization in the path of success and development (NIOS, 2012). However, social environment is one of the most important factors which influence the internal business environment to gain sustainable growth and development in the marketplace. In an organisation, a manager should have the sufficient amount of knowledge regarding psychology in order to effectively deal with the employees and for maintaining the socio-culture environment in business. Psychological knowledge is considered as a method to understand the issues related with people in the workplace. In addition, it provides measures to deal with these issues in a tactful way. The psychological knowledge plays an effective role in terms of manager development as it assists to create a psychologically healthy work environment in an organisation. With this concern, the application of psychological knowled ge by the managers in an organisation is associated with personal change and development. Furthermore, it has been observed to be useful in order to deal with social environment of an organisation. The social environment of an organisation comprises of social aspects such as traditions, customers, beliefs, values, interpersonal relationship with colleagues or peers as well as with the superiors. Therefore, it can be identified that to create a healthy working environment in an organisation without having any conflict with peers, superiors, customers as well as with the immediate followers, it is necessary to have a sufficient amount of knowledge related with the psychology to be effective and competent in near future (Lee, 1999). Similarly, an effective manager ought to be able to handle conflicts in a smooth and tactful way. The issues that can arise include health care difficulties regarding sexual harassment and/or employee disputes. On the contrary, effective managers should hav e the capability to identify the needs of an employee and reward them accordingly with various rewards and incentives which in turn is most likely to boost their morale and lead them to enhance their performance in near future. It is totally dependent upon effective managers to create circumstances under which employees experience friendly and competitive working environment. Thus, a manager requires an adequate knowledge of psychology to survive successfully in the competitive environment (Wirth, 2004). With due consideration to this aspect, it can be stated that psychological knowledge with reference to behavioural science assists the managers in an organisation to improve their work performance with the help of interaction with individuals and within and between groups. Subsequently, it can be identified as an ‘inter-alia’ which refers exploration of status, power, authority and influence within formal and informal organisation. It often builds the

Gun Control and Crime in US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gun Control and Crime in US - Essay Example Having the knowledge of these issues, there seems a necessity for self-defense. There are Government bodies to help and assist at times of need. However, at that instance it is people, who need to take care of themselves. This was the reason for giving license to self defense gadgets. The Government bodies with intention to increase security and reduce crime rate started giving licenses to these gadgets, guns in particular. However, this decision should be critically examined. It is important to understand if guns for personal security have really decreased crime or have become a catalyst for crimes. This article critically examines the gun laws in the United States. It also addresses the issue whether guns have increased or decreased crime rate in United States. It focuses on some key events that urge changes to be made for future. A case study for the same is given. The later part of the article throws light on the possible alternates and suggestions to be incorporated to reduce cr ime, that is, gun control to reduce crime. The article tries to analyze the relation between gun control and crime in The United States and gives a possible solution for this situation. Crime in United States is closely associated to gun violence and homicides. Crime rate is generally measured by the number of crimes reported per 100,000 people. (US justice stats, 2006) Crime rates have seen a sharp rise from the late 1960's.However recently the crime rate in United States is steady. A study revealed that the crime rate of United States as of 2005 is around 3991 per 100,000 residents. (US justice stats, 2006) Violent crimes in United States are much higher than other countries. Minorities, young and financially less favorable positioned are known to commit crimes. 6 out of the 17 known homicides in California in 2005 are by the poor. Around 35.3% of homicides took place here. (US justice stats, 2006) The year 2005 has recorded to be the safest in the past thirty years in United States history. Nearly 49% of murder victims were African Americans in 2005. It was recorded that 79% of murder victims throughout were males. (US justice stats, 2006) Gun laws in United States are independent to every state. There are a few state level bans for guns like shot guns and rifles. License holders have permits and only a few states allow for an Inter state permit. Alabama does not address the issue of carry permits where as Alaska does give a provision for it (Kasler, 2000). California has the strictest laws in United States that bans guns that have a thumb hole stack, a flash suppressor etc (Harrott, 2001). Almost 60% of states have the carry permit law and others excepting a few have very convenient licensing strategies that can be misused. Case Study: Hindering Crime or Causing Havoc Guns were given to people in order to facilitate self-protection that is defense against anyone who attacks them. This was supposed to ensure safety to life and hindrance to crime. However the Million dollar question is the effectiveness of this act. The free hand given

Architects And Styles In The Late 1900s In USA Thesis

Architects And Styles In The Late 1900s In USA - Thesis Example The architecture styles before the 1900s were New Romanesque, Victorian and Gothic with huge thick walls, tall columns and ornate carvings. One of the famous architects in the late 1900s was Henry Hobson Richardson who had studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. The École des Beaux- style is evident in the New Romanesque style he developed.   He created a number of buildings in the USA from 1880 to 1900. The style he developed was also called as Neo Romanesque and it was a revival of the ancient Roman and Spanish styles but mixed with some modern elements. Some of the structures that belonged to this genre include Trinity Church in Boston; Buffalo State Asylum in New York and other structures. Some other architects that practiced the Neo Romanesque style included Cleveland Cady who built the   American Museum of Natural History building. Other structures that came up included the Williams Free Library in Wisconsin designed by Walter Holbrook, Fogg Memorial Building at Maine designed by George A. Clough; Durand Art Institute in Illinois by Henry Ives Cobb and many others. Cement concrete had not been invented in the 1890s and the main material used was stone and mortar. The style was called Neo Romanesque since these structures used the heavy and short column with extensive brick work and ornamented by ornate arches. The style puts the focus on clear arches that have a strong picturesque massing with a typical round-headed "Romanesque" arches. The arches emerged from groups of short squat columns.

Marketing Report Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marketing Report - Case Study Example Therefore, the recommendations are made considering the major identified attributes for the business success. The methods used to evaluate the marketing strategies include mystery shopping, which is also referred to as the identification of critical incident practically. Therefore, the direct observations are used for the evaluation of marketing strategy to identify the utilization of key marketing elements The report and analysis is based on the assumption that one time live experience is useful for the generalization of marketing strategy. The limitation is the limited time frame to analyze the marketing strategy using only the experience of Singapore based Popeye chicken restaurant, which is very small part of the international food chain. The report analyzes the marketing strategy of Popeye. The Popeye is an American chain of fast food and the chain was founded in the year 1972. Popeye was initially established in New Orleans, Louisiana. The Popeye is famous with the name of Popeye Louisiana. It is often referred to as Popeye’s Chicken & Biscuits. Another name of Popeye is â€Å"Popeye Chicken and Seafood†. After a span of around 19 years Popeye was acquired by US based chicken company named as AFC Enterprises (Smith, 2006). The Popeye has completed its 2000 franchises in all over the world. During the mid of 2014, Popeye claimed that it has re acquired full control of its seasoning. The major factors that affect the operations of the Popeye business include the quality of food, variety of food, prices and serving time. The two main forces that may affect the firm’s ability to serve its customers are the competitive prices and attractive ambience along with good food. In the marketing language these two forces have the implications that low price may reduce the competitive pressure on the company. Secondly, good ambience along with good food may

Managing People in Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Managing People in Organisations - Essay Example Manpower management can be a very stressing facet of businesses. The demands differ greatly from those of the other functional areas. Hence, in order to be able to properly manage a company’s workforce, managers must be aware of the behavior being exhibited by the people in their organization. Usually, these behaviors become entrenched in the company and are greatly held by the company’s culture. However, challenging as this may be, it is an important element of a company’s strategy. Basically, these are the force behind the innovations or policies that will be implemented from the strategy that a company hopes to pursue. Hence, building the culture of the company has increasingly been gaining traction among today’s companies since it is a strong platform from which to launch the tactical plans of companies pursuant to their strategic plan. Hence, the capability of companies to utilize their manpower and to be able to harness their capabilities has been cr ucial for the success of these companies (Wang Wei 2006). The need for such awareness and understanding of the human behavior in the organization has been increasingly more pressing with the advent of globalization. The different culture from which employees all over the world has been the norm for companies with global operations has made companies even more aware of the need for understanding the behavior of the people and the organization as a whole. Thus, the management of people necessitates the need for a personal touch. Hence, there have been varying ways in which the different managers handle the diverse workforce they have under them. This has called for a greater degree of flexibility to enable the managers to understand the people that they work with (HIckson and Pugh 2002). This has been a necessary skill in order to enable the company to achieve their various goals and objectives. The multicultural nature of organisations that operate internationally has called for varying styles of management in order to properly handle the differences that they will be encountering with their global workforce. Globalisation has opened up various opportunities for businesses over the past two decades. One is that they are able to source out new markets from different countries. In effect, companies are not anymore limited by the size of the domestic market from which they come from. Through globalisation, they have

Marketing Report Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marketing Report - Case Study Example Therefore, the recommendations are made considering the major identified attributes for the business success. The methods used to evaluate the marketing strategies include mystery shopping, which is also referred to as the identification of critical incident practically. Therefore, the direct observations are used for the evaluation of marketing strategy to identify the utilization of key marketing elements The report and analysis is based on the assumption that one time live experience is useful for the generalization of marketing strategy. The limitation is the limited time frame to analyze the marketing strategy using only the experience of Singapore based Popeye chicken restaurant, which is very small part of the international food chain. The report analyzes the marketing strategy of Popeye. The Popeye is an American chain of fast food and the chain was founded in the year 1972. Popeye was initially established in New Orleans, Louisiana. The Popeye is famous with the name of Popeye Louisiana. It is often referred to as Popeye’s Chicken & Biscuits. Another name of Popeye is â€Å"Popeye Chicken and Seafood†. After a span of around 19 years Popeye was acquired by US based chicken company named as AFC Enterprises (Smith, 2006). The Popeye has completed its 2000 franchises in all over the world. During the mid of 2014, Popeye claimed that it has re acquired full control of its seasoning. The major factors that affect the operations of the Popeye business include the quality of food, variety of food, prices and serving time. The two main forces that may affect the firm’s ability to serve its customers are the competitive prices and attractive ambience along with good food. In the marketing language these two forces have the implications that low price may reduce the competitive pressure on the company. Secondly, good ambience along with good food may

Deviant behavior Essay Example for Free

Deviant behavior Essay The labeling theory and the social control theory are two explanations behind the concept of deviance. The labeling theory argues that society itself creates deviance by classifying certain behaviors or people as deviant. The social control theory, meanwhile, believes that deviance is a result of the failure of social institutions to enforce societal norms. Labeling and Social Control Theories Every culture has norms or standards that distinguish acceptable from unacceptable behavior. Actions or behaviors that go against cultural norms are referred to as deviance. To understand why some individuals resort to deviance, sociologists and criminologists first analyze how norms are created, modified and enforced. The labeling theory and the social control theory are just two of the explanations these experts have come up with regarding the nature of deviance. Labeling Theory The labeling theory argues that people assume deviant roles in society. No conduct or individual is inherently deviant – society itself creates deviance by classifying certain behaviors or people as deviant. Those who observe deviant manners acquire deviant identities by internalizing deviant labels that society imposes on them. Instead of finding the root cause of deviance, society will attribute it to particular behaviors or people (Kontos and Brotherton, 2008). Proponents of the labeling theory claim that the social group is the one responsible for deviance. It creates norms in order to differentiate conventional people from deviants. Norms, however, are detrimental in the sense that it does not recognize the difference between rule breakers or rule-breaking behavior and deviants or deviant behavior. A person is dismissed as deviant regardless of whether or not his or her actions actually violated any norm (Hamlin, n. d. ). The Stages of Labeling According to the American sociologist Howard Becker, a person undergoes three stages when he is transformed from being regarded as normal to being recognized and labeled as deviant. The first stage is the initial â€Å"public† labeling or the informal process of labeling that eventually becomes an official definition of a person as deviant. Examples of this are the shoplifter who is tried in court and is sent to prison as a â€Å"criminal† and the drunk whom the doctor or the psychiatrist diagnoses as an â€Å"alcoholic. † The process of labeling begins with just the doctor, psychiatrist and judge, and then finally spreads to the entire community (Slattery, 2003). The second stage involves the official label’s overriding of all the other statuses and symbols that a person previously had. Society will severe ties with this individual and deny him or her opportunities for advancement. The father who becomes an alcoholic, for instance, ends up being divorced by his wife and abandoned by his children. The ex-convict, meanwhile, is unable to buy a house or get a job because of his criminal record (Slattery, 2003). The third stage is characterized by the label severely damaging the self-esteem of the person involved. The â€Å"self-fulfilling prophecy† begins to take place – he or she may live up to the deviant label that society imposed on him or her by assuming a deviant lifestyle. He or she may also withdraw from â€Å"conventional† society by seeking support and status from other deviants who share similar lifestyles. An occasional drug user, for instance, may live up to his â€Å"reputation† as a junkie by going to underground bars and clubs frequented by drug addicts. The juvenile delinquent, on the other hand, may later become a professional criminal, in accordance to what society labeled him (Slattery, 2003).

A Report Of The Nervous System

A Report Of The Nervous System The report are divided into two parts. first we will be talking about the Organization of the Nervous System, that includes the Peripheral Nervous system, and the Central Nervous system, then we will move on to the Brain and Behavior part, where we will start to talk about the brain and listing down the three major regions of the brains, and how each brain has its own functions different than the other regions, even though they are all located in the brain. In this report, you will find information about organs or nervous systems found in the human body, beginning with the definitions, describing its structure and functions in the body, illnesses or disorders that affects that part in the body. Part 1: Organization of Nervous System: Introduction: The Nervous System is a world in itself, weve learned only the little tidbits of its secrets, but there are many of what we still do not know, and in this section of the report, we will try to identify the anatomic configuration of the nervous system, its division and branches, and the function of each part of it, and the problems resulting in every part. The communication in the nervous system is essential to behavior. If youve wondered how you are aware of the elements in the environment surrounding you, you hear with your ears and see with your eyes, and be aware of many things by touching and smelling and tasting, following this awareness a response coming from you, so you move or talk or touch and hold things. You receive the influential in a very short time, and this can be done by the nervous system, moreover, the nervous system controls the other organs that works voluntary such as holding up things or the involuntary such as heartbeat rate. Nervous System chart Nervous system sections: The nervous system are divided into two main divisions: Peripheral Nervous System. Central Nervous System CNS. (the brain and spinal cord) First comes first. We will start with the peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system: is made up of all those nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord. Nerves are bundled of neuron fibers (axons) that are routed together in the peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system are made off nerves and neurons that sends and receive information to and from the brain. The peripheral nervous system are subdivided into two parts, the autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system. Let us have a look at the Autonomic Nervous System. Autonomic Nervous System: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is made up of nerves that connect to the heart, blood vessels, smooth muscles, and glands. The autonomic nervous system function is to maintain the internal environment of the human body in a stable state, sometimes called homeostasis. Maintaining and balancing the internal environment by controlling visceral organ functions that people dont normally think about. like heart rate, blood pressure, digestion and perspiration. The Autonomic nervous system mobilized bodily resources in times of need. Just as its name, this nervous system works automatically, without the control or conscious of the individuals, these which we do not directly control are like closing your eyes, the increase of heartbeat, sweat or produce saliva by stimulating our salivary glands. For example, right when you first experience fear, the Autonomic nervous system will start and work on to control the involuntary, visceral functions that are difficult to control consciously. How it does it work: when you see something frightening or threatening your life, and happens to throw fear into you, your heartbeat rate will rise, sweating, pupil dilation, goose bumps and increased respiration. Even thought the Autonomic nervous system works unconsciously, we can sometimes be aware that our heartbeat rate has increased. One of the first psychologists to study this reaction is Walter Cannon (1932). He referred it to as the fight-or-light response reaction. Cannon monitored this response from cats after confronting them with dogs. From his observation on the cats response, he concluded that what prepares generally any organisms physiologically for attacking (fight) or fleeing from (flight) the enemy is the response to a threat, or when faced to danger. Illness and diseases affecting the Autonomic Nervous System: There are diseases and illnesses affecting the autonomic nervous system, causing a disorder in the system, which this disorder effects the controlling of the heartbeat rate and blood pressure of the body that can lead into causing serious problems to the patient, some of these disorders can be life-threatening when they affect the breathing or heart function of the patient. Some of these diseases are Diabetes, Alcoholism and Parkinsons disease. Disorders made by the diseases can either affect the whole system, or a part of it. The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions: The Autonomic Nervous System are subdivided into the Sympathetic division and the Parasympathetic division. The Sympathetic Division: The sympathetic division is the branch of the autonomic nervous system that mobilizes the bodys resources for emergencies. As we stated before, the sympathetic nervous system is a sub part of the Autonomic Nervous System. This system is responsible for controlling functions that mobilize the bodys resources under stress, such as the fight or flight response, and the other energy generation forms as well. Not only the sympathetic nervous system prepares the body when faced with stress or emergencies, but it also serves other vital purposes. Example, if you stand up after being setting down for a long period of time, your blood pressure will raise, else you may fall unconscious. The sympathetic nervous system also works in increasing your heartbeat rate and perspiration during exercises. Diseases affecting the Sympathetic nervous system: A disease affecting the sympathetic nervous system known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS). The signs of this dieses are the heightened sensitivity to heat and cold, excessive sweating, and limbs being warm to the touch. The causes of this dieses are not confirmed, but its seems to be associated with some forms of nerve injury. The Parasympathetic Division: Like the sympathetic, it is a sub part of the Autonomic Nervous System, and most what the parasympathetic division controls are visceral and involuntary organs, such as breathing and blood pressure and heartbeat rate, But it differ from the sympathetic division in its activities. The parasympathetic division are responsible in controlling the body organs when in an relaxed or normal state. Some of its activities when the conditions are met, and those condition can be met when the person are calmed and relaxed, is reducing the heartbeat rate, slow down the respiratory rate, increases perspiration and salivation and smaller eye pupils. The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic divisions activities are the opposite of each other, but they work together to maintain stability in the body when a certain external condition are met and calls for the division that are responsible to act in such situation. Much like an automobile accelerators and brakes. The Central Nervous System: The Central Nervous System are responsible of controlling the whole body, regulating the functions of the body. The Central Nervous System are the control center of the body. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and the spinal cord. The Central Nervous system lies within the skull and the spinal column, protected by enclosing sheaths known as the meninges, additionally, the central nervous system is covered by the cerebrospinal fluid. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) nourishes the brain and provides a protective cushion for it. Ventricles are the hollow cavities in the brain that are filled with CSF. Diseases affecting the central nervous system: diseases and infections of the central nervous system are many, some of these diseases are Alzheimers disease. The Spinal Cord and The Brain: So we know now that the Central Nervous System consists of two things, the brain and the spinal cord. Let us have a look at these two organs: The Spinal Cord: Basically, the spinal cord is an extension of the brain. The spinal cord are located at the back of the body and are enclosed by the backbone Vertebral column, running from the base of the brain to below the waist, and are covered by the meninges. The spinal cord connects the brain to the whole body through the peripheral nervous system, conducting sensory information to the brain from the peripheral nervous system, And from the brain, the spinal cord works on conducting motor information to the glands, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. The Spinal cord also serves as a minor reflex center. The spinal cord consist of bundles of axons, and these axons carry out the commands from the brain to the peripheral nerves, that relays sensation from the periphery of the body to the brain. Spinal Cord Injury: Injury to the spinal cord can damage it, causing a partial or full paralysis to the body. Injury can be a result from a car accident or from a serious fall, or any other form of injury that damages the spinal cord, like a gunshot. The Brain: The brain is the part that of the central nervous system that fills the upper part of the brain. The brain is enclosed by the skull. The average weighs of the brain are 1.3 kg, three pounds, and contains billions of nerve cells that links and relays information in and outside the body, Such as coordinating the body actions and movements, talking, thinking, remembering, planning, creating and dreaming. The brain are covered by the meninges, moreover, the brain contains bundles of axons, that works on receiving sensory information from its own nerves, as well as from the spinal cord. Brain Injury: Injuries to the brain can be the result of a car accident, or any other form of damage or hit directed to the head. Childrens or infants can possibly get a brain injury if shaken violently. Part 2: The Brain and Behavior Introduction: The Brain, and how it controls our behavior. All of the body movements, thinking, dreaming, talking, remembering, feeling, and any other actions, are controlled by the brain. The Brain is the control room of your body. From the brain, commands are issued and sent to the whole body, and these commands are carried out, in and out by the nerves. In this part of the report, we will shed some light on the brain, and how every region in the brain has functions different than the other regions, even though they are located in the same organ. The Three Regions of the Brain: The brain has three regions, The Hindbrain, the Midbrain and the forebrain. The location of the three regions are the same, but differ in function and size of region. The Forebrain is taking the largest portion of the brain, then comes the Hindbrain, and smallest is the Midbrain. Structure and Areas of the Brain: The Hindbrain: The hindbrain includes the cerebellum and two structures found in the lower part of the brainstem: the medulla and the pons. The controlling of essential body function and process, such as heartbeat rate and respiration, is the Hindbrain responsibility. An important part of the Hindbrain, the brainstem, controls functions such as swallowing and breathing, and any other critical functions that affect the life of the living being. The Medulla are attached to the spinal cord, controls unconscious vital functions, such as blood pressure, heartbeat rate, swallowing, breathing and coughing. The Medulla works without relying on the thoughts of the person, It works by itself. The pons, sometimes called the Bridge, because of its form of structure which looks like a bridge connecting between the medulla and the cerebellum. From its structure form, we can know that it works on sending signals to and from the cerebellum and the cerebrum, a part located in the forebrain. The Pons contains clusters of cell bodies that helps in controlling movements and sleep. The Cerebellum, which means Little brain in Latin, Is a large and a folded structure located rear lower portion of the brain. The role of the cerebellum is providing feedback and fine-tuning for motor output. The cerebellum controls movements and smoothing them up, such as when you bring up your hand and smoothly bring your finger to a stop on your nose, and how you walk, and every action or movement that people make without any thinking about them or concentration, are coordinated by the cerebellum. The Midbrain: The midbrain is the segment of the brainstem that lies between the hindbrain and the forebrain. The Midbrain, The smallest region of the brain regions, are responsible for visual and auditory and motor system information station. motor and sensory functions are directly controlled by the midbrain. An Important system of dopamine- releasing neurons, which originates in the midbrain, projects into various high centers of the brain. Conscious, voluntary movements has dopamine system are involved in their performance. Degeneration or decline in dopamine synthesis is associated with Parkinsons disease. The reticular formation, which are located at the central core of the brainstem, is the structure that runs through the hindbrain and the midbrain. The reticular formation contribute in the modulate of breathing, reflexes and pain perception. The Forebrain: The forebrain is the largest and most complex region of the brain, encompassing a verity of structures, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system, and cerebrum. The three structures, the Thalamus, hypothalamus and the limbic system, form the core of the forebrain. The location of the three structures are near the top of the brainstem. The cerebrum sits above the three structures. The cerebral cortex, the outer layer of the brain, is the wrinkled surface of the cerebrum. So now we know that the Forebrain, which takes the biggest portion of the brain, and the biggest of the three regions, consists of four structures, the Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Limbic system and cerebrum. Let us have a quick look on each structure and its activities and functions. The Thalamus: The thalamus is a structure in the forebrain through which all sensory information (except smell) must pass to get to the cerebral cortex. The Thalamus which is located at the top of the brainstem, is responsible for relaying sensory information to a particular part of the cortex, and regulating motor control. It also works on receiving information and signals from various brain areas, such as auditory, visual sensory, and samotosensory signals. The Hypothalamus: The hypothalamus is a structure found near the base of the forebrain that is involved in the regulation of basic biological needs.

Anorexia and Bulimia Essay -- Causes of Bulimia, Eating Disorders

Each year millions of people in the United States are affected by serious and sometimes life-threatening eating disorders. The vast majorities are adolescents and young adult women. Approximately one percent of adolescent girls develops anorexia nervosa, a dangerous condition in which they can literally starve themselves to death. Another two to three percent develop bulimia nervosa, a destructive pattern of excessive overeating followed by vomiting or other " purging " behaviors to control their weight. These eating disorders also occur in men and older women, but much less frequently. The consequences of eating disorders can be severe. For example, one in ten anorexia nervosa leads to death from starvation, cardiac arrest, or suicide. Fortunately, increasing awareness of the dangers of eating disorders, sparked by medical studies and extensive media coverage, has led many people to seek help. Nevertheless, some people with eating disorders refuse to admit that they have a problem and do not get treatment. Family and friends can help recognize the problem and encourage the person to seek treatment. Anorexia nervosa is a disorder where people intentionally starve themselves. It usually starts around the time of puberty and involves extreme weight loss. Sometimes they must be hospitalized to prevent starvation because food and weight become obsessions. For some, the compulsiveness shows up in strange eating rituals, some even collect recipes and prepare gourmet feasts for family and friends. Loss of monthly menstrual periods is typical in women with this disorder and men with this disorder usually become impotent. People with bulimia nervosa consume large amounts of food and then rid their bodies of the excess calories by vomiting, abusing laxatives or exercising obsessively. Some use a combination of all these forms of purging. Many individuals with bulimia " binge and purge " in secret and maintain normal or above normal body weight, they can often successfully hide their problem from others for years. As with anorexia, bulimia typically begins during adolescence. The condition occurs most often in women but is also found in men. Many individuals with bulimia, do not seek help until they reach their thirties or forties. By then, their eating behavior is deeply ingrained and more difficult to change. Medical complications can frequentl... ... again. Family members and friends can call local hospitals or university medical centers to find out about eating disorder clinics and clinicians experienced in treating the illnesses, for the college students, treatment programs may be available in school counseling centers. Family and friends should read as mush as possible about eating disorders, so they can help the person with the illness understand his or her problem. Many local mental health organizations and the self help groups provide free literature on eating disorders. Some of these groups also provide treatment program referrals and information on local self-help groups. Once the person gets help, he or she will continue to needs lots of understanding and encouragement to stay in treatment. NIMH continues its search for new and better treatments for eating disorders. Congress has designated the 1990's as the " Decade of the Brain, " making the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of all brain and mental disorders a national research priority. This research promises to yield even more hope for patients and their families by providing a greater understanding of the causes and complexities of eating disorders.

Comparing the Great Flood in Epic of Gilgamesh and the Biblical story o

Comparing the Great Flood in Epic of Gilgamesh and the Biblical story of Noah’s Ark Many of the same ancient stories can be found in different cultures. Each story differs in a small way, but the general idea remains synonymous. One story that is paralleled in several cultures is the legend of a great flood. The epic of Gilgamesh resembles the Bible’s story of Noah’s Ark, but specific details differ in several aspects.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story of Gilgamesh originates from twelve fire-hardened, mud tablets, written in cuneiform, in the Mesopotamian culture from around 2500 B.C.E. It has been passed down through generations for centuries, teaching obedience to gods. The story of Noah’s Ark, found in the Christian Bible, seems to do the same thing; teach obedience to God.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many aspects of both stories are the same. Both sagas start with the earth being extremely populated, with no foreseen break in the continuation of a booming culture. The earth was too full. People were rowdy and reckless. Crime was widespread and grew day to day. The difference pertaining to this, is the reason the flood was sent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Noah’s story rules that the flood was sent because the earth had become corrupt and filled with violence, (Genisis, 6). The only way to destroy this violence was to drown everyone but the chosen few. These chosen few were hand-picked by God as good people to start a new, more wholesome and obedient civilization. Gilgamesh’s story says the reason for the flood was the volume the people created. The noise was intolerable and the gods insisted on ending the racket at once, (Duiker, 20).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The singular reason Gilgamesh was spared is that he was informed of the flood by Ea, the water god, through a dream. Ea was one of many gods in this time. He told him to build a boat of equal width and length. He was to tear down his house for wood and tell the curious townspeople that he was instructed to leave the city and go out to sea so as to please the gods. Ea also instructed him to take the seeds of life onto the ship with him. Meaning two of each animal, enough food for them and his family to eat for some time, and whatever grain was left over would be planted once the water receded, (Duiker, 20) .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Noah was also instructed to do the same. Only his orders came from the one and only God. The Jewish culture believes in one supreme being. God told Noah ... ...o, there is one known flood that occurred in ancient times. The Black Sea used to be smaller than it is now. Archeologists have proven this by finding remnants of structures below the present water level. The water also used to be fresh, not salt water. When the ice from the Ice Age melted, the lake started to dry out because the rivers began to flow backwards towards the sea. Then the ocean water rose very high and salt water rushed back into the empty sea, (Lecture, 9/7/1999).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With so many different cultures trying to explain a great flood, there are bound to be differences in each account. The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Biblical story of Noah’s Ark are different in small details. The fact that the two stories are so close in account to each other, with regard to general storyline, is quite amazing when considering the fact that these two cultures are so very different. Bibliography 1.  Duiker, William J. and Spielvogel, Jackson J. World History, Comprehensive Volume, Second Edition. (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1998.) 2.  http://www.bibleontheweb.com/Bible.asp (Genesis 6-9.) 3.  http://www-relg-studies.scu.edu/netcours/rs011/restrict/gilflood.htm

Emotional Ability or Emotional Intelligence Essay

Emotional ability or emotional intelligence is the ability to assess, identify and control the emotions of oneself. It is also the ability to recognize the impact of your own emotions upon your behavior and be aware of the emotions of others around you (Rosete, & Ciracohhi, 2001). This is not always an easy task. It is a skill you have to work at constantly. Combine these sentences to make a direct comment. Since the brain tends to go into fight or flight mode quickly and easily, we have to figure out a strategy on how to think before we react. Reacting is instinctual and a way to combat an instinctual reaction is to hone your awareness of your own emotional state (Rosete, & Ciracohhi, 2001). Knowing what events may trigger an emotional response will help you to be able to manage a reaction, manage your responses and move from being reactive to proactive. Several years ago I worked at a social service agency and had trouble with my supervisor. She was a chronic and consistent micromanager and always interrupted my tasks to assign another task that was menial and mundane. She would give me a project to work on and then check in on me constantly to see how it was going and how far along I had come. It drove me insane! I became so unnerved and agitated at her behavior that she provoked me to shut down and I became completely defiant. One task she gave me was so completely unnecessary that I flatly refused. I was stressed and highly emotional. I told her that task was a time waster and I’m not going to do that task or anything else until she treated me with respect and stop micro managing me. I was angry, shaking and crying. She immediately went to HR and told them I was defiant, angry and verbally abusive. I knew that wasn’t the case: I had just had enough. I agree to mediation with someone from the HR department whom I trusted to provide me with a fair mediation. If members of the team respect the lead negotiator, the process is manageable (lecture 8). Before the mediation, I tried to pull myself together so that I wouldn’t be so emotional during the meeting. I knew I wouldn’t have as much credibility if I was visibly too emotional. I tried to practice some self-management for the meeting. I wanted to focus on strategies for control of my motion and my emotional impulses (Mason, 2010). This was to no avail. I was so infuriated by the behavior of my supervisor that I completely broke down in mediation. I tried to suppress anger but it came out in my tears. I was an emotional wreck and knew that my emotions were too far gone to try and control at this point. In spite of everything, the mediation went well and we worked on some strategies that would have allowed me more freedom while giving my supervisor the assurance that the task would be done. Unbeknownst to them, I packed up and walked out at lunchtime and never returned. I knew that I would never be able to forge ahead after that day with any amount of dignity or respect after such an emotional breakdown and didn’t even want to try. We all have emotions that influence our response to the world around but when employees have a high competence of emotional intelligence they have the ability to manage emotions and not let them influence their responses to their environment (Mason, 2010). People don’t follow those who can’t control their emotions and those kind of workers generally make for poor employees and poor leaders. References Mason, K. (2010, December 5). Why is emotional intelligence important in the business workplace? .The Thriving Small Business, 2-4. Rosete, D., & Ciracohhi, J. (2001). Emotional intelligence and its relationship to workplace performance outcomes of leadership effectiveness .Leadership & Organization Development Journal ,26(5), 288-296.

Only the Truth Essay

Truthfulness for a patient enables effective goal attainment while in the healthcare system. However, according to Zahedi (2011) states, â€Å"not telling the truth about cancer consisted of: worry that patients could not take the emotional impact, concern about not being able to manage the patients’ emotional reaction after learning the truth, and protecting patients from harm† (p. 4). Yet, according to Bok (2007), â€Å" an overwhelming majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about grave illness, and feel betrayed when they learn that they have been misled† (p.489). Doctors should tell their patients the truth because is supports trusting doctor-patient relationships, upholds patients autonomy, and provides time to make end of life decisions. Truth is a foundation for doctor-patient relationships. Bok (2007) states â€Å"truthful information, humanely conveyed, helps patients cope with illness† (p. 489). An exchange of information is key in a patient feeling comfortable within the healthcare system, which is attainable from being told the truth. Wells and Kaptchuk (2012) indicate, â€Å"truthful and meaningful communication is paramount in patient care as it affects not only patient satisfaction with care, but also patient knowledge and behaviour† (p. 26). Patient require to have low levels of anxiety when dealing with a disease, truth enables the decrease of distress. Eisen et al (2008) states, â€Å"[h]ealth care settings is extremely important in contributing to the healing process, it is vitally important to identify what type of art supports stress reduction† (p. 173). Patients dealing with discomfort can manage it more easily after being told the truth due to it being the more vocalized. Milligan (2012) states, â€Å"[r]elief of pain and other symptoms might be expected to be among the most prevalent† (p. 49). Truth telling stimulates hope for a patient by allowing them to have optimism toward their diagnosis, and that their aimed goal is achievable. Begley and Blackwood (2000) state that hope is, â€Å"a mental state characterized by the desire to gain or accomplish a goal combined with some degree of expectation that what is desired or sought is attainable† (p.28). Security for a patient allows for them to create decisions they are confident about when dealing with procedures. Silva et al (2003) indicates that truth, â€Å"increases the feeling of safety and the capacity of mature co-operation for decision making† (p. 420). In addition, truth upholds patients’ autonomy. Bok (2007) indicates that it allows them â€Å"to make informed choices about whether or not to be a patient (p. 489). Truthfulness for a patient allows them to follow directions during treatment and procedures more willingly. Torres et al (2013) indicates, â€Å"meta-analyses discussing this subject have suggested that compliance depends on the involvement of patients and healthcare providers in follow-up tasks† (p. 3). An autonomous individual has a ability to make his/her own decisions including decisions about how much information they would like to receive. Slowther (2009) writes, â€Å"[p]roviding relevant information in a form that a patient can understand, minimizing barriers to decision-making caused by illness or medication† (p. 174-175). Patients seek the knowledge and advice of more than one doctor to confirm a diagnosis and evaluate treatment options. Hall et al (2002) writes, â€Å"general trust is related to certain patient attitudes and behaviours such as satisfaction with care, willingness to follow doctors’ recommendations, desire to seek second opinions, and prior disputes with physicians† (p. 1422). Complimentary treatments for a disease are being used by patients for the reason of allowing them to minimize signs and symptoms themselves outside of the healthcare system. Burstein (2000) states, â€Å"[p]atients identified their desire to â€Å"boost the immune system,† enhance their quality of life, gain control over their life, prevent or treat their cancer, and treat side effects of cancer therapy as the principal reasons for using CAM. Patients credited their conventional practitioners with truth- fulness and technical knowledge† (p. 2501). Patient that are truthfully informed about procedure options are given the opportunity to decide if they think it will be benefit for them. Hall et al (2002) indicates, â€Å"[t]rust is critical to patients’ willingness to seek care, reveal sensitive information, submit to treatment† (p. 1419). Denying any procedures or treatments is capable from a patient that has been truthfully advised. O’Brien (2012) states, â€Å"[t]he autonomous right of competent adults to decide what happens to their own body and the corresponding right to consent to or refuse medical treatment are cornerstones of modern health care† (p. 7). Moreover, truth provides patients with time to make end of life decisions. Bok (2007) writes they consider â€Å"whether or not the enter a hospital† (p. 489). Patients that have been told the truth are made more comfortable to practice their spirituality in order to come in contact with a sense of worth when dealing with a terminating prognosis. Rahnama et al (2012) states spirituality, â€Å"is a way through which human beings recognize the exalted meaning and value of their lives† (p. 21). Patients that require to enter a palliative care unit rely on being told to truth in order for the conversion to be done with ease. Ingleton et al (2011) indicates, â€Å"continuity of care and multidisciplinary collaboration are crucial in order to improve the experience of patients making the transition† (p.57). Arrangements must be made for a patient once in the stage of end-of-life, to secure unresolved personal affairs. Hash and Netting (2007) writes, â€Å"legal rights, financial and property concerns require intentional planning, for once the partner dies it may be too late to rectify ownership issues† (p. 72). The remaining time for a patient is crucial for making decisions about how to establish any preparations to avoid any distress. Conway (2008) indicates that, â€Å"emphasizing the inevitability of death in old age as a normal part of human existence and the importance of registration procedures and funeral arrangements† (p.406). Truthfulness for a patient allows them to have a comfortable experience when in their remaining days. Paulus states, â€Å"[a]n integral part of palliative care, therefore, is to regard dying as a normal process and to help patients achieve a peaceful death. † In conclusion, truth is a vital feature of self governed choices. Interpersonal relations among patients and healthcare professionals creates a fundamental base which enables security. Capacity for a patient to make decisions on their own allows for the obtainment of knowledge for treatments. Preparations to brace for one’s passing gives a patient the ability to experience a tranquil moment preceding entering the afterlife. Truth reinforces patients’ freedom and strengthens the ability to make provisions before bereavement. References Begley, A. , Begley, A. , & Blackwood, B. (2000). Truth-telling versus hope: A dilemma in practice. International Journal Of Nursing Practice, 6(1), 26-31. doi:10. 1046/j. 1440-172X. 2000. 00178. x Burstein, H. J. (2000). Discussing complementary therapies with cancer patients: What should we be talking about? Journal of Clinical Oncology, 18(13), 2501-2504. Conway, S. (2008). Public health and palliative care: principles into practice?. Critical Public Health, 18(3), 405-415. doi:10. 1080/09581590802191906 Da Silva, C. , Cunha, R. , Tonaco, R. , Cunha, T. , Diniz, A. , Domingos, G. , & †¦ De Paula, R. (2003). Not Telling the Truth in the Patient–Physician Relationship. Bioethics, 17(5/6), 417. doi:10. 1111/1467-8519. 00357 Eisen, S. L. , Ulrich, R. S. , Shepley, M. M. , Varni, J. W. , & Sherman, S. (2008). The stress-reducing effects of art in pediatric health care: Art preferences of healthy children and hospitalized children. J Child Health Care, 12(3), 173-190. doi:10. 1177/1367493508092507 Gardiner, C. , Ingleton. C. , Gott. M. , & Ryan. T. (2011). Exploring the transition from curative care to palliative care: a systematic review of the literature. BMJ Support Palliative Care, 1(1), 56-63. doi:10. 1136/bmjspcare-2010-000001 Hall, M. A. , Camacho, F. F. , Dugan, E. E. , & Balkrishnan, R. R. (2002). Trust in the Medical Profession: Conceptual and Measurement Issues. Health Services Research, 37(5), 1419-1439. Hash, K. M. , & Netting, F. (2007). Long-term planning and decision-making among midlife and older gay men and lesbians. Journal Of Social Work In End-Of-Life & Palliative Care, 3(2), 59-77. doi:10. 1300/J457v03n02-05 Lopez-Torres, J. , Parraga, I., Del Campo, J. M. , & Villena, A. (2013). Follow up of patients who start treatment with antidepressants: treatment satisfaction, treatment compliance, efficacy and safety. BMC Psychiatry, 13(1), 1-9. doi:10. 1186/1471-244X-13-65 Milligan, S. (2012). Optimizing palliative and end of life care in hospital. Nursing Standard, 26(41), 48-56. O’Brien, S. (2012). Minors and refusal of medical treatment: a critique of the law regarding the current lack of meaningful consent with regards to minors and recommendations for future change. Clinical Ethics, 7(2), 67-72. doi:10. 1258/ce. 2012. 012007 Paulus. S. C. (2008). Palliative care: An ethical obligation. Retrieved from http://scu. edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/medical/palliative. html Philip, J. , Gold, M. , Schwarz, M. , & Komesaroff, P. (2011). An exploration of the dynamics and influences upon second medical opinion consultations in cancer care. Asia Pacific Journal Of Clinical Oncology, 7(1), 41-46. doi:10. 1111/j. 1743-7563. 2010. 01330. x Rahnama, M. , Khoshknab, M. , Maddah, S. , & Ahmadi, F. (2012). Iranian cancer patients’ perception of spirituality: a qualitative content analysis study. BMC Nursing, 11(1), 19-26. doi:10. 1186/1472-6955-11-19 Sharma, H. , Jagdish, V., Anusha, P. , & Bharti, S. (2013). End-of-life care: Indian perspective. Indian Journal Of Psychiatry, S293-S298. Doi:10. 4103/0019-5545. 105554 Slowther, A. (2009). Truth-telling in health care. Clinical Ethics, 4(4), 173-175. doi:10. 1258/ce. 2009. 009033 Wells, R. , & Kaptchuk, T. J. (2012). To Tell the Truth, the Whole Truth, May Do Patients Harm: The Problem of the Nocebo Effect for Informed Consent. American Journal Of Bioethics, 12(3), 22-29. doi:10. 1080/15265161. 2011. 652798 Zahedi, F. (2011). The challenge of truth telling across cultures: a case study. Journal Of Medical Ethics & History Of Medicine, 4(1), 1-9.

The Railway Children

Chap 1: The Beginning of things The Railway Children Answer the following questions 1. What did Peter get as his birthday present? 2. How did Father treat the children? 3. What was Father doing when the two gentlemen arrived? 4. Who left their family after their father went away? 5. What did Mother make the children promise to her? 6. Where did the three children and their mother move to after leaving London? 7. What did the children bring along with them to the countryside cottage? 8. What happened to them at the cottage upon their arrival? Chap 2: Peter and the coalThe Railway Children Answer the following questions 1. What did the children and their mother do when they could not find their supper? 2. What did the children do when they woke up the following morning? 3. Where did the children go after breakfast? 4. What was the function of the white line on the wall? 5. How did their mother provide for the family expenses? 6. Why didn’t the family light fires to keep their ho use warm during the wet rainy days? 7. What happened to Peter at the station yard? 8. What lesson did the children learn from the coal incident?Chap 3: The Old Gentleman The Railway Children Answer the following questions 1. What did the children do when the trains going to London passed by? 2. Who waved back at the three children? 3. What did the children do at the train station? 4. What happened to the children’s mother? 5. Who came to check on Mother’s condition? 6. What was needed by their mother in order to get well? 7. How did Peter attract the Old Gentleman’s attention? 8. What did Perks, the porter, bring for the children? Chap 4: Bobbie’s Ride The Railway ChildrenAnswer the following questions 1. What was Mother’s reaction when the children told her that they had asked the Old Gentleman to help them buy food and medicine for her? 2. Why did Mother write a letter to the Old Gentleman? 3. What did Bobbie receive for her birthday? 4. Why did Bobbie’s birthday celebrations end on a sad note? 5. What happened to Bobbie on the steam train? 6. Who were the two railway workers who saw Bobbie on the train? 7. Where did Bobbie change trains to go back home? 8. How did Peter feel when he saw that his train engine was repaired?Chap 5: Saving the train The Railway Children Answer the following questions 1. Where were the children when the landslide hit the railway line? 2. Who suggested to use the red petticoats as flags? 3. Did the children manage to stop the train? How did they do it? 4. What is the consequence of the children’s actions? 5. Who invited the children to the train station for a special ceremony? 6. Why was the ceremony held? 7. What did the children get from the Northern and Southern Railway Company? 8. Who did the Old Gentleman meet at the children’s house?